by admin | 05/17/2012 | 10:10 AM

Trivia Thursday: How much do you REALLY know about fertilizing your lawn?

Your lawn and garden gets hungry too! Fertilizer provides the ideal food to your lawn but many don’t know when or how often it should be done. How fertilizer savvy are you? Read below and find out!

It is best to fertilize your lawn at the beginning of each summer. True or False?

False. Late spring and early fall are actually the best times to fertilize. Fertilizing your lawn in the late spring helps strengthen grass roots and sets them up for successful growth. Fertilizing while your lawn is actively growing provides the greatest results. On the other hand, fertilizing in the late fall provides your lawn with the nutrients it needs to survive winter. However, no two lawns are alike and each requires a different schedule. For additional questions, talk to your local lawn care or landscape professional, a local independent retailer, or your county extension service.

Three ingredients are present in most fertilizers: nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. True or False?

True. There are several types of fertilizer and they come in numerous forms (powder, granular and liquid), but nearly all contain these three principal elements. If soil lacks any of these, plant growth will suffer. While varying amounts of these ingredients are included in every batch of fertilizer, each plays a vital role in providing plant health. A soil test can help determine the right amount of nutrients needed for your lawn. For example, higher amounts of nitrogen promote protein and chlorophyll production, encouraging the growth of leaves and stems. Higher amounts of phosphorus result in more flowers and healthier roots. And lastly, potassium thickens stems and leaves. This goes to show just how important nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) are to creating a healthy lawn or garden!

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by admin | 05/11/2012 | 10:10 AM

Top Cleaning and Pruning Pointers for Your Lawn and Garden

Written by Kelli Howland

Have you noticed the days getting longer? Have you slipped outside without a jacket, as you see the sky brighten? In most areas, the thermometer is not dipping quite as low at night and it’s not just you and the neighbors noticing. Spring is in full bloom … and your yard knows it!

Invest a little extra time now to ensure more relaxation and fewer headaches during the growing season. Here are few pointers to help your yard and garden look its very best:

Clean:

  • Have any leftover leaves or debris piles from the winter or early spring storms? Unless the pile is your compost pile, clean it up. Leftover piles can harbor pests or diseases, such as mildews and fungus.
  • Clean and sharpen tools. Review your clippers, loppers and even your lawn mower. Clean debris and grime that builds up on tools, and take time to sterilize tools with a simple household cleaner, such as Lysol, Pine Sol or even rubbing alcohol to eliminate the spread of disease that may be lingering. Allow tools to dry or wipe off excess before proceeding. Clean the underside of lawn mowers to prevent spreading any weed seeds trapped under there from last year. (Also a good practice when loaning or borrowing mowers.)

Prune:

  • Grab your pruners and remove any damage, such as broken and split branches, from trees and shrubs.
  • Ground covers like Jasmine and Hypericum can be mowed down if they are becoming too tall, but wait to do so after the last risk of frost has passed.
  • Cut back ground covers and shrubs that were frost burnt during the winter.

 Kelli Howland currently manages the landscape maintenance of properties in Northern California for ValleyCrest Companies.

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by admin | 04/27/2012 | 11:11 AM

Don’t Bring Bed Bugs Back as Souvenirs

Written by: Robin L. Tabuchi, Research Entomologist, University of California, Berkeley.

For many of us, summer vacation means spending time with family and friends, relaxing and travelling. Although I love travelling, there’s one pest I don’t look forward to sharing my vacation with; the infamous, blood-sucking bed bug! By now you’ve all heard of bed bugs, but you might not know how to avoid them.

Your bags are packed, the gas tank is full, and you’re ready to hit the road. Travelling can be quite an ordeal, and once you arrive at your destination, you’re tired and want to get settled in to your hotel room. Resist the temptation to unload everything from your car just yet. If you arrived by plane, either ask the hotel staff to bring your luggage up shortly, or take it with you and place it in the bathroom or non-carpeted entry. Now it’s time to inspect your room for bed bugs!

As with any pest, identifying it is the first step to protecting yourself and your belongings. Adult bed bugs are reddish-brown. Their bodies are oval and flattened, and they’re about the size of an apple seed. They don’t have wings, can’t jump, and only move by crawling. Bed bug nymphs are smaller in size and lighter than adults, but they look similar in appearance.

Photo courtesy of Robin Tabuchi

Photo courtesy of Robin Tabuchi

All bed bug nymphs and adults feed on blood. The nymphs need blood to molt and the adults need blood to mate and lay eggs. If a room has bed bugs, you’ll likely find fecal staining too (a.k.a. bed bug poop).  Fecal staining is light brown to black and looks like tiny drops of dried blood.

Bed bugs are very good at hiding and can fit into tiny cracks and crevices. Begin your inspection with the bed and headboard, because after all, they are called bed bugs! They like to stay somewhat close to their food source and typically feed at night. Pull the sheets back and check mattress seams for adults, nymphs or fecal staining. Slide a credit card between the top of the headboard and the wall or remove the headboard and peek behind it.

Search other upholstered furniture for signs of bed bugs and walk around the room looking for fecal staining on walls, other furniture items, and the luggage rack.

What happens if you find a bed bug? If you’re brave, capture a specimen or take a photo. Discuss what you found with the hotel management. Request a new room and then inspect that room too.

What should you do if you don’t find anything? Just because you didn’t find something doesn’t mean there aren’t bed bugs. Keep personal items and clothing in a designated area of the room away from the bed. Bag your dirty laundry within your suitcase. Once you return home, leave luggage outside or in the garage and unpack there. Inspect luggage for bed bugs and then wash and dry all of your clothing on the warmest setting.

Safe travels!

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by admin | 04/26/2012 | 11:11 AM

Trivia Thursday: How much do you REALLY know about poison ivy?

Rumors are always spiraling on how to ditch the poison ivy itch. How poison ivy savvy are you? Read below and find out!

Once a poison ivy plant dies, it is no longer toxic. True or False?

False. We all know this irritating plant can cause a rash and persistent itch, but not after the plant has died, right? Wrong. Urushiol, the oil from the poison ivy plants that causes the allergic reaction, can stay active on any surface for up to five years. These surfaces could include gardening tools, clothing and dead plants. So, how do you properly dispose of these plants or avoid contact with leftover plant oils? Here are a few tips:

  • Always wear gloves and handle the plants with great caution
  • Dispose of the plants in tightly sealed garbage bags
  • Clean all gardening tools with hot, soapy water or rubbing alcohol (or both!)
  • Wash clothes in hot water to prevent the poison ivy from spreading

The infamous rhyme “Leaves of three, let them be” is not always the case. True or False?

True. If only it were that easy! While this rhyme holds true for poison ivy, it’s not always 100 percent accurate for poison oak and poison sumac. These three plants are all species of the Anacardiaceae family and contain the same rash-causing substance, urushiol. They cause relatively similar symptoms and are even treated the same on most occasions. However, with the exception of this commonality, all three differ in how you can spot them in the landscape.

Most familiar is poison ivy with its three bright green leaves and a red stem. On the other hand, poison oak, can have three to five leaves, and poison sumac comes out on top with anywhere from seven to 13 leaves on a branch. So don’t narrow your caution to only leaves of three. Keep an eye out for other poisonous plants and avoid them, if at all possible! Read more about the three poisonous weeds with experts at the National Park Service.

Poison Ivy

Poison Ivy

Poison Oak

Poison Oak

Poison Sumac

Poison Sumac

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by admin | 04/06/2012 | 5:05 PM

Control Ticks to Control Lyme Disease

Long History and High Rates

Lyme disease doesn’t just occur at high rates in Connecticut – the disease was named after the Connecticut community of Lyme. Now, more than three decades since the cluster of disease sufferers in Lyme inspired the name, the disease continues affecting our state significantly. Connecticut experiences more Lyme disease cases relative to state population as any state in the country[i] with the Center for Disease Control and Prevention confirming nearly 2,000 cases in 2010, alone.[ii] The Connecticut Department of Public Health says the continue prevalence of Lyme disease is due partly to “increased tick abundance” and “increased potential for contact with ticks.”[iii]

People suffering from Lyme disease can experience facial or Bell’s palsy, severe headaches and neck stiffness, pain and swelling in large joints and heart palpitations and dizziness. However, Lyme disease is difficult to diagnose as its symptoms can be attributed to other health problems. Left untreated, approximately 60 percent of Lyme disease sufferers experience arthritis, while 5 percent develop chronic neurological challenges months or years after the infection.[iv]

More (Hungry) Ticks = More Lyme

Lyme disease is a concern for Connecticut any year, but 2012 may prove to be a banner season for ticks. Experts have identified various factors that may increase Lyme disease risk this spring and summer. Recent news reports outline several ecological events leading to the predicted increase in Lyme disease:

  • Foxnews.com reported on March 23 that ecologists are blaming a bumper acorn crop followed by a poor crop, which led to a white-footed mouse population surge and subsequent decline, for an increase in hungry ticks looking for a mammal on which to latch. [v]
  • The New York Times noted on March 18 that entomologists say the mild winter is leading to increased tick activity earlier than normal and increased the opportunity for people and ticks to come into contact.[vi]
  • Richard Ostfeld, a disease ecologist for the Cary Institute of Ecosystem Studies, says the warm weather and the lack of white-footed mice for hungry ticks to feed on, creates a perfect storm for an uptick in Lyme disease: hungry ticks, fewer food sources, and more active months to be on the prowl for a meal.[vii]

Important Tick-Fighting Tools

Controlling the tick population helps reduce the likelihood that unsuspecting athletes, campers, hikers, or anyone enjoying the outdoors will encounter hungry ticks. Thoughtful and careful use of pesticide products is an effective step in the process to protect Connecticut from more prevalent Lyme disease problems. The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station says pesticides that target ticks (acaricides) are the “most effective way to reduce ticks, particularly when combined with landscaping changes to decrease habitat.”[viii] One application of insecticide targeted at tick habitat (not broad spraying) provides 85 to 90 percent control of tick populations.[ix]


[i]Lyme Disease. Connecticut Department of Public Health. http://www.ct.gov/dph/cwp/view.asp?a=3136&q=395590., Accessed 23 March 2012.

[ii] Reported Lyme Disease Cases by State. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. http://www.ct.gov/dph/cwp/view.asp?a=3136&q=395590. Accessed 23 March 2012.

[iii] Lyme Disease. Connecticut Department of Public Health. http://www.ct.gov/dph/cwp/view.asp?a=3136&q=395590. Accessed 23 March 2012.

[iv] “Signs and Symptoms of Lyme Disease.” Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. http://www.cdc.gov/lyme/signs_symptoms/index.html. Accessed 23 March 2012.

[v] “Strange events will lead to increase of Lyme disease this year.” Foxnews.com. http://www.foxnews.com/health/2012/03/22/strange-events-will-lead-to-increase-lyme-disease/. Accessed 23 March 2012.

[vi] “The Downside of a Balmy Winter? Long Walks with the Dog Aren’ts Carefree.” Nytimes.com. http://www.nytimes.com/2012/03/19/us/a-mild-winter-means-a-longer-tick-season.html. Accessed 23 March 2012.

[vii] “Nature, the trickster.” Albany Times Union. http://www.timesunion.com/local/article/Nature-the-trickster-3419367.php. 20 March 2012. Accessed 23 March 2012.

[viii] “Area-Wide Chemical Control of Ticks.” Tick Management Handbook. The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station. http://healthvermont.gov/prevent/lyme/documents/handbook6.pdf. 2007. Accessed 23 March 2012.

[ix] Ibid.

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by admin | 03/22/2012 | 8:08 AM

Trivia Thursday: How much do you REALLY know about crickets?

Chirp, chirp! We’ve got crickets on the brain for today’s trivia post. Find out how cricket savvy you are by reading below.

Crickets have the capabilities to identify temperature. True or False?

True. Want to know the temperature yet don’t have access to technology? In a pinch, you could listen to nearby crickets to assess the current temperature. Studies have shown that Fahrenheit temperature can be determined by the rate of cricket chirps. The chirps become faster as the temperature rises, and slower as it falls. In 1897, a professor by the name of A.E. Dolbear created an equation to display this.

T = 50 + [(N-40)/4]

T = temperature

N = number of chirps/minute

Image source: http://succinctscience.blogspot.com/

Crickets are known to be bad luck. True or False?

False. In fact, crickets are known to foretell good luck! Those who hear crickets “sing” are considered very blessed. In many countries, a cricket may be treated like a guest when it enters a home. Certain cultures provide the cricket with food, water and its own place to call home. While the typical lifespan of a cricket is one year, some believe giving the cricket a home will increase its lifespan. Consequently, the longer the cricket lives, the more perceived luck its owner will have!

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by admin | 03/15/2012 | 8:08 AM

Trivia Thursday: How much do you REALLY know about ants?

Today we’re learning a fascinating truth and debunking a surprising myth about ants. Read below to find out more about ants!

Ants can lift up to 50 times their own body weight. True or False?

True. We know what you’re thinking — there is no way! But yes, this is absolutely true. Strangely enough, the smaller the insect, the stronger it is. This goes back to a great deal of physics. We won’t dive into those technicalities, but remember ants are much stronger than you perceive. The average woman weighs about 140 lbs. She would need to lift 7,000 lbs. to reach 50 times her own weight. That’s comparable to lifting a large SUV!

Queen ants can live up to 15 years. True or False?

False. Double that! Queen ants actually can live up to 30 years — pretty cool, huh? However, worker ants are not as lucky. They have a life expectancy of 45-60 days. While queen ants sleep an average of nine hours a day, worker ants sleep only half of this time. They get by on short power naps, roughly 250 each day and lasting just over one minute, to ensure that enough ants are awake at any given time to protect the colony. Queen ants, on the other hand, fall asleep 90 times a day for more than six minutes at a time. This division of rest helps explain why the queen ants live significantly longer. 

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by admin | 03/08/2012 | 8:08 AM

Trivia Thursday: How much do you REALLY know about spiders?

From an early age, we’re exposed to many myths and hard-to-believe truths about insects. How spider savvy are you? Read below and find out!

We swallow eight spiders in our sleep each year. True or False?

False. This long-standing myth has been around for years. However, no need to sleep in fear. While not impossible, several factors make the likeliness of this happening slim. First, your mouth would need to be open very wide for a spider to enter, and luckily, few of us sleep as if we’re at the dentist! Most people are likely to wake up if they feel something crawling across their face, and particularly, their lips. Lastly, if a spider were to get this far and land at the back of your throat, the act of swallowing is still required to make this myth true. And those odds are pretty low. This being said, we all can rest easy.

Most spider species live at most for two years though there are some species (tarantulas for instance) that can live more than 20 years. True or False?

True. Are you wishing you were a tarantula if you had to be a spider? Us too! That’s right though, the average spider is lucky to live to their second birthday. Tarantulas are a different story. These hairy creatures are among the largest spiders — they are able to kill lizards, mice and even birds. It usually takes a tarantula anywhere from two to 10 years (longer than the average spiders’ lifetime) to reach adulthood. In addition, females are known to live longer, usually 30 to 40 years. The oldest tarantula on record lived 49 years!

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by admin | 03/02/2012 | 12:12 PM

Breaking up with bad bug habits

Written by: Robin L. Tabuchi, Research Entomologist, University of California, Berkeley.

Valentine’s Day has come and gone.  Although love is still in the air, a much-needed breakup is on the horizon. I’m talking about breaking up with bad “pest” habits. Follow these tips to kick a sour relationship with everyday pests to the curb.

Kiss pantry pests goodbye.  Ah, the distant memory of the holidays. A time to visit with loved ones, relax and feast on many holiday goodies. If you hosted any sort of holiday party at your house, you likely have accumulated cookies, candies, nuts and other food items. Now is the time to take inventory and clean out your pantry. Make sure food items are properly sealed and stored, inspect for pests, and dispose of expired or infested items. Even unopened food packages can be invaded by unwanted rodents, ants, beetles or moths.

Get up close and personal with gutters. Clogged gutters can cause rainwater to overflow in unwanted places. This water can saturate structural wood and create the perfect habitat for termites — not to mention a whole handful of non-pest related problems, such as mildew, mold and dry rot.

Love doesn’t stink; garbage does. Give garbage and recycle bins a good washing especially before the temperatures rise. Buildup from spilled foods and drinks smells really tasty to pests like rodents, ants, flies and wasps.

Let spiders feel the love. While they aren’t beautiful butterflies or cute ladybugs, there’s no need to fear all spiders. Many, in fact, are good company around the house and certainly in the yard because they prey on other arthropod pests. Spiders skillfully construct webs to basically act as sticky traps for unwanted pests, such as mosquitoes and aphids.  Even spiders that don’t construct webs (like jumping spiders) are great hunters that keep pest populations in check.  Become familiar with the common spiders in your area and learn how to recognize the dangerous few (black widows and recluse spiders).

A cross orb weaver spider’s web

A cross orb weaver spider’s web. Photo taken by Robin Tabuchi.

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by admin | 02/16/2012 | 8:08 AM

Some New New Year’s Resolutions

Written by: Robin L. Tabuchi, Research Entomologist, University of California, Berkeley.

Considering it’s February, I’m guessing many of you have already forgotten your New Year’s resolutions. Whether you vowed to hit the gym, learn to cook like Gordon Ramsey or finally clean your rain gutters, let’s make a few easy pest prevention resolutions that won’t break your back or your budget.

Search the perimeter of your house.  What are you looking for? Anything out of the ordinary, but pay specific attention to the things listed below. If you have kids, invite them to join you. Tell them you are going on a scavenger hunt and ask them to help you find:

  • Holes. Are there any potential rodent entry points? Rats can enter a structure through a ½ inch hole and mice can enter through a ¼ inch hole. They also are very good climbers and can gain access to a structure through pipes, along wires and from climbing trees or vines. Look for holes in the roof, around windows, doors and crawl space vents.
  • Mud tubes. Mud tubes are the pathways subterranean termites use to travel from their nest in the soil to food sources (cellulose material, “aka” wood) in your house. They are constructed of soil and held together with termite saliva. Pay specific attention to areas of higher moisture, such as rain gutter downspouts and walls adjacent to bathrooms.
  • Trees. Make sure trees adjacent to your house are not touching the structure. This creates an easy entry point for many pests, including rodents and ants.

Store firewood wisely. Even through it’s convenient to pile firewood alongside your house, it isn’t wise. You don’t want foraging termites to set up shop in your firewood and then move their operation next door to a more spacious site; your house. Move firewood away from the structure and stack it on top of concrete blocks. This limits the amount of soil-to-wood contact, and you can more easily see mud tubes, if they appear.

Harvest fruit trees. If you have fruit trees, especially citrus or pomegranates, harvest the fruit from the trees when ripe and try not to let it fall and sit on the ground. Fallen fruit attracts rodents and ants.

Check your buds. Search buds on flowering plants for aphids and scale insects. If you find them, treat them before the buds break to ensure the flowers and emerging leaves stay alive and healthy.

Following these resolutions will help you prevent common and potentially costly household pest infestations. What do you do if a pest still finds its way in? You can try tackling the problem yourself or contact a local pest control company. Lastly, visit UC Davis’s IPM online page for pest identification, biology and management information.

Robin L. Tabuchi is a research entomologist at the University of California, Berkeley. Currently, she manages a research lab on finding ways to prevent and control many household and structural pests, including bed bugs, subterranean and drywood termites and argentine ants.

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